The European Age of Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution (God vs. Science)

maxwellschad's picture

The Age of Enlightenment in Western Europe was a time that transcended the basic thoughts of religion overcoming sciences, into the modern-style of thinking that allows science to be dominant in our world. The Enlightenment attacked history. It attacked its past. It attacked its childhood. It attacked Christianity. Christianity was not in accordance with Human Reason. How does Reason explain miracles? Christianity was not reasonable. Was Christianity necessary? As information about the natives of Pacific Islands was brought back to Europe, it was soon realized that even savages who had never heard of the Pope, the Inquisition, Notre Dame, Jesus and transubstantiation, still had a morality, still had definitive concepts of right and wrong, good and evil. What this realization accomplished was nothing less than doubt and skepticism about the universal nature of Christianity. Were all men who were not Christians then pagans? The Enlightenment, in general, thought otherwise.

Some guiding figures in this Scientific Revolution include people like Isaac Newton with his studies on physics. He is an excellent overall example of this time of enlightenment.

My question however is this. Do you believe that our ability to discover more things scientifically is still being eclipsed by religion and it's toll on scientific fact? If yes, please let me know of some examples. If not, please also explain. Thank you!

Jray Nels's picture

Hey Max, I recently wrote this paper for an Astronomy class..

And, it's comparison to your forum is this... I tend to think of science as accurate, disciplined and beneficial to those who follow. However, I have grown to see the Laws of Physics as a new method of religion in our times. You see, the Physics community derives our existence from the Big Bang, a point infinitesimally smaller than the head of a pin (At which all the energy of the universe existed and was truly unified as One) And now, Earth is viewed as the result out on the end of that process, when In reality, Everything from that creation is indeed one with itself and the Source.

So humans being a production of the total nature, Our sciences and religions are only a small part of the potential creation of the human mind. And I don't mean to say that as denigrating remark but, only to suggest that human's greatest achievements and experiences still lie ahead of us... So check out my paper if you feel like it, I'd love to hear what you all think because I am supposed to present this topic to my class soon...

Jeff Nelson
ERTH-106 Black Holes and the Universe
October 23, 2008

Young’s Double Slit Experiment - Quantum Measurement and Consciousness

Abstract:
In this paper, I will respond to the dynamic relationship between humans and the physical nature of events. I will evaluate the famous Double-slit experiment and consider its contextual relations to particularly human consciousness. I am suggesting that our real experiences exist as the result of our brains ability to process information, giving rise to forms that we represent as the external world. So, to what expanse do our active “brain states” (Our representations of the external and reflections on the internal) influence the reality we experience?

The collective quest to understand the nature of our Universe can be linked from Aristotle’s On the Heavens to Isaac Newton’s Laws of Motion and James Clerk Maxwell’s equations for Electromagnetism. Furthermore, Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity succeeded in describing the gravitational fields of all distributions of mass density and provided the physics for high speeds. All of these hypotheses show signs of being understood in terms of an objective world that exists ‘out there’ and independent of the observer. The physics of the large-scale ‘classical’ Universe experienced a crescendo in the early 1900’s when Einstein discovered the photoelectric effect and the wave/particle duality of light. The quantum revolution subsequently departed from classical theory, supplemented by the diffraction and interference patterns observed in the distinguished double-slit experiments. This transition prolonged an inevitable dilemma in the branch of physics that deals with the immeasurable question, ‘What is reality?’ Quantum mechanics is based on the principle that matter and energy, “is not infinitely divisible but comes in discrete chunks called quanta.”1 Confidently, relativity and quantum theory are both sectors of physical reality but, the objective or classical reality may soon be on the verge of vanishing, “leaving a world in which the observer and the observed are interdependent.”2

Today, the quantum realm is shown to be some what of a mysterious philosophy on the subject of consciousness. It is now scientifically astute to discover, “what conscious awareness is, how it arises, and why it even exists at all?”3 Paradoxically, “If electrons in the brain create consciousness, but electrons require consciousness to exist, one is apparently caught in circular reasoning at best.”4 Our minds are able to register reality through the five senses in approximately one-tenth of a second. So, to what extent does the observer create and/or effect that external which is being perceived. And, what kind of scientific evidence could be used to support the suggestion? In 1923, French physicist, Prince Louis de Broglie devised a double-slit experiment to test for the wave nature of electrons. As, light is both a wave and particle and if you try to determine which one it is, it will behave as one or the other, but never as both at the same time. Reasoning by analogy from the photoelectric effect, de Broglie asked, “If photons have a two-fold nature, why not apply the same principle to electrons.”5

The Double-slit experiment is comprised of either a light source emitting photons, or in this case a beam of electrons. The source is first aimed through a thin single-slit panel to produce a smooth beam that radiates evenly onto the parallel double-slit panel, creating diffraction and interference patterns on the last photographic plate. The photographic plate is a light sensitive screen and it is composed of atoms, which also expand and release energy waves. When a single photon hits an area, it makes that area release more energy. That area then releases more energy than the surrounding areas, forming light and dark regions. In achieving these results, Prince Louis the aristocrat pronounced that electrons have wave nature and that somehow these waves had sampled both slits. For, if the electrons (Even when intensely slowed down to one at a time) go through only one slit or the other slit, clearly, the pattern would look very different. But, how does this infamous test relate to the present moment or the NOW?

Physicists will still struggle to understand the properties of matter and energy, meanwhile, the predicament of conscious observation and its influence is unknown. The Double-slit experiment shows us a fundamental form of nature that is beyond our ‘classical’ capacity to apply to our own lives now. However, it is well-known that the simple act of observation of atomic and sub-atomic activity produces that which is being observed and, “the measurement problem is this, an atom only appears in a particular place if you measure it. In other words, an atom is spread out all over the place until a conscious observer decides to look at it. So, the act of measurement or observation creates the entire universe.”6

The quantum reality behind the veil of classical mechanism is this, “That atomic matter, supposedly the ultimate immutable substance, dissolves into waves of potential existence. That determinism, which rigidly governed Newton's universe like a cosmic machine, falls apart, giving us a world with spontaneity. That the manifold world of separate independent objects interacting locally within space and time is transcended, revealing a realm where all things are non-locally united in an indivisible whole.”7 The Double-slit experiment, as the great American Physicist Richard Feynman once stated, is, “a phenomenon which is impossible, absolutely impossible to explain in any classical way and, which has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, its contains the only mystery.”


1. www.teach12.com
2. www.integralscience.org
3. EnlightnNext Magazine, formerly What Is Enlightenment? David Chalmers: The Problem of Consciousness
4. www.space.com
5. The Double Slit Experiment Film/Power Point
6. The Quantum Apocalypse of the Holographic Universe
7. www.integralscience.org

Charles Clayton's picture

In short yes...

Healing - i.e. cannabis, stem cell research

many organized religions hold people back from evolving,

India - many people born into poverty believe its karma and don't attempt to change the situation because its destiny

USA - many people believe Jesus will return and judge every individual on this planet

Religion severely changes ones progressive path because it shuts doors on certain subjects that don't coincide with that religion.

Someone who's religion scolds 'drug' use because its a sin closes their doors to all forms of psychoactive healing. That includes any pain medication such as common opiates, or stimulants like coffee or chocolate.